Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight, but can be irregular with figured patterns such as crotch, curl, or burls near the knots visible in the sample. Large, distinct growth rings and medium texture.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light brown to a signature deep chocolate brown with dark streaks. Sapwood is distinct, being pale yellowish-gray to nearly white. Dries to a duller brown; darkens with age.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Very Durable regarding decay resistance, though it is susceptible to insect attack (especially powder post beetles).
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior paneling, veneer, turned items, and musical instruments.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $12.00 - $20.00 per board foot for kiln-dried FAS grade; lower for green logs.
Wood Age Estimate
Fresh cut (under 6 months) based on the bright contrast between sapwood and heartwood and the lack of oxidation/weathering on the end grain surfaces.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable in its native range.
Workability
Exceptional workability with both hand and machine tools. It planes, turns, and sands well. Glues and finishes very easily, though it can have a moderate blunting effect on cutters.
Notable Features
Faint, mild odor when being worked. Known for its shock resistance and dimensional stability. Contains juglone, which can be a mild irritant.
Finish Recommendations
Responds beautifully to oil-based finishes (tung or linseed) to enhance the depth of the grain. Lacquer and polyurethane also work well for durability.
Identification Confidence
High; the deep brown heartwood contrasted with creamy white sapwood, combined with the blocky bark texture seen on the logs below, is characteristic of Juglans nigra.