Osage Orange (Bodark)
Maclura pomifera • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight to irregular with prominent wavy figure around knots; flat-sawn live edge slab exhibiting typical interlocking tendencies and tight growth rings.
Color Description
Golden yellow to bright orange heartwood that darkens to a deep russet or coffee brown over time; sapwood is narrow and pale yellow/white; possesses high natural luster.
Hardness Rating
2,620 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; recognized as one of the most decay-resistant woods in North America; exceptionally resistant to termites and rot.
Common Uses
Fence posts, tool handles, archery bows (lemonwood), musical instruments, turning, and heavy-duty external construction.
Geographic Origin
South-central United States (Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas), now naturalized across much of North America.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$8.00 - $15.00 per board foot, though large live-edge slabs often command a premium.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears recently finished; the bright golden-yellow hue suggests it has not yet undergone significant oxidation/UV-induced darkening, likely cut within the last 1-3 years.
Sustainability Status
Not listed on CITES Appendices or the IUCN Red List; highly sustainable and often considered a nuisance in some agricultural areas.
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme hardness and density; can have a severe dulling effect on cutting edges; glues and finishes well, though requires sharp tools to avoid tearout near knots.
Notable Features
Extremely dense and heavy; contains high amounts of extractives that can cause the wood to glow under black light; produces a distinctive acrid scent when worked.
Finish Recommendations
Clear polyurethane or lacquer to protect against UV darkening; oil finishes enhance grain but may accelerate the transition from yellow to brown.
Identification Confidence
High; the vivid yellow coloration, characteristic knot structure, density, and live-edge appearance are diagnostic of Maclura pomifera.