Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight, but can be irregular. This sample shows a fine-textured, straight grain with some slight swirling near the top. Pores are semi-ring porous and visible as fine dark lines.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from lighter pale brown to a dark chocolate brown with even darker brown streaks. This sample shows the characteristic chocolate-brown hue typical of air-dried or aged walnut. It develops a lustrous patina over time.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to heartwood decay, though susceptible to insect attack (sapwood).
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior trim, flooring, veneer, turned objects, and musical instruments.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America (United States and Canada)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 to $20.00 per board foot depending on width and figure.
Wood Age Estimate
The wood itself appears to be from a mature tree; as a finished object, the oxidation and smooth patina suggest it has been handled/aged for at least 3-5 years since being carved.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; generally considered sustainable and widely available in its native range.
Workability
Commonly cited as one of the best woods to work with; it machines, planes, and sands exceptionally well. It glues and finishes easily, though it can occasionally produce tearout if grain is irregular.
Notable Features
Distinctive mild, sweet, and nutty scent when worked. Contains juglone, which can be an allergen for some. Known for its excellent dimensional stability.
Finish Recommendations
High-quality oils (Tung or Danish) enhance the natural depth and chatoyance; polyurethane or lacquer provide durability for heavy use. Shellac is also well-suited for a traditional look.
Identification Confidence
High; the color tone, pore structure, and grain density are classic indicators of Juglans nigra, especially the dark 'streaky' chocolate brown heartwood visible in the carving.