Red Alder
Alnus rubra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, fine-textured, and uniform grain with indistinct growth rings; frequently exhibits a cathedral pattern when flat-sawn. Growth rings on the end grain are visible but not prominent.
Color Description
Freshly cut wood is almost white but quickly turns to a light tan or reddish-brown upon exposure to air. Sapwood and heartwood are not clearly demarcated. It maintains a consistent, warm honey tone with a dull luster.
Hardness Rating
590 lbf (Soft)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to Slightly Durable; highly susceptible to decay and insect attack if left exposed to the elements or in contact with the ground.
Common Uses
Cabinetry, furniture (often as a cherry or mahogany substitute), turned items, plywood, millwork, electric guitar bodies, and smoked meats (firewood).
Geographic Origin
Coastal Western North America, primarily from Southeast Alaska to Central California.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$3.50 - $5.50 per board foot for select grade lumber.
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the growth rings visible in the cross-section of the logs, these trees appear to be between 25 and 40 years old. The logs show fresh cuts with minimal oxidation.
Sustainability Status
Not listed on CITES Appendices or the IUCN Red List; widely available and considered a sustainable, fast-growing species in its native range.
Workability
Excellent workability with both hand and machine tools. It planes, sands, and glues very well. It is relatively soft, so care must be taken to avoid dents, but it does not tend to split easily.
Notable Features
Often referred to as the 'Oak of the West' despite being much softer. It possesses no characteristic odor. The wood contains tannins that can cause it to stain when in contact with iron in wet conditions.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains and finishes exceptionally well, often used to mimic more expensive hardwoods. Pre-stain conditioners are recommended to prevent blotching. Polyurethane or lacquer are common topcoats.
Identification Confidence
High; the characteristic smooth, light grey bark with white lichen patches combined with the rapid color change of the end grain to a reddish-tan in a Pacific Northwest setting is diagnostic for Alnus rubra.