White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight with a medium-to-coarse texture. Visible prominent rays (medullary rays) in the end grain and a porous structure typical of ring-porous hardwoods.
Color Description
Medium to dark brown heartwood, likely aged or stained; sapwood is typically light tan. Shows significant darkening over time and high natural luster under polish.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to rot and decay due to tyloses in the pores that plug the wood's vascular system.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boatbuilding, barrels (cooperage), and interior trim.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00-$10.00 per board foot depending on cut (Quarter-sawn is higher value)
Wood Age Estimate
Approximately 40-70 years based on heavy oxidation, finish patina, and style of joinery/construction.
Sustainability Status
Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and non-CITES listed; commonly FSC certified.
Workability
Excellent results with hand and machine tools, though it has moderate shrinkage. Reacts with iron (turning blue/black) and can be prone to splintering if tools are dull.
Notable Features
Distinctive tannic scent when cut; contains high levels of tannic acid; contains tyloses which make it waterproof and ideal for liquid storage.
Finish Recommendations
Stains well, though large pores may require a filler for a glass-smooth finish. Responds beautifully to oil, polyurethane, and shellac.
Identification Confidence
High. The visible end-grain growth rings, ring-porous structure, and density are classic signatures of the Oak genus, specifically the White Oak group.