Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) • Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Usually straight, but often interlocked or irregular. Has a fine to medium texture with a low natural luster.
Color Description
Heartwood is a deep olive-brown to blackish-brown, sometimes with lighter or darker streaks. Sapwood is yellowish-white. It tends to darken or gray out significantly if exposed to UV light without a sealer.
Hardness Rating
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable. Extremely resistant to rot, termites, and wood-boring insects. High resistance to weathering and fire (Class A fire rating).
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, heavy maritime construction, tool handles, and high-end exterior furniture.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot (depending on width and length)
Wood Age Estimate
5-10 years post-harvest. The rough-sawn surface shows moderate oxidation and accumulation of workshop dust/overland moisture marks.
Sustainability Status
Appendix II CITES listed. Populations have faced significant pressure; FSC certification is highly recommended to ensure ethical sourcing.
Workability
Difficult. Extremely dense wood causes rapid dulling of cutting edges. Pre-drilling is mandatory. Glues poorly due to natural oils; surfaces should be wiped with solvent before gluing.
Notable Features
Distinctive yellow 'lapachol' dust when cut, which can be an irritant (dermatitis). It is so dense it sinks in water. Very faint, mild scent when worked.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes (like Messmer's or Ipe Oil) are best for UV protection. Avoid film-forming finishes like polyurethane which will peel due to natural oils.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High. The olive-brown hue, rough-sawn splintery texture characteristic of tropical species, and its presence on a job site next to decking-sized scraps strongly suggest Ipe.