European Yew
Taxus baccata • Softwood (Gymnosperm)
Grain Pattern
Tight, irregular, and wavy growth rings following the fluted log contour; includes small clusters of knots and swirls common in trunk cross-sections.
Color Description
Heartwood is a vibrant burnt orange to reddish-brown; sapwood is a distinct thin band of pale cream or white. Colors deepen to a dark russet with age and UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,520 lbf (Hard); unusually dense and hard for a softwood, exceeding many temperate hardwoods.
Durability Rating
Very Durable; highly resistant to rot and decay. Historically used for items requiring longevity in wet conditions.
Common Uses
Luthiery (bows), fine furniture, woodturning, tool handles, carving, cabinetry, and decorative veneers.
Geographic Origin
Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$15.00 - $35.00 per board foot depending on figure and width; often sold in small turning blanks or slabs.
Wood Age Estimate
Based on a ring count of the cross-section, the branch or small trunk shown is approximately 45 to 60 years old.
Sustainability Status
IUCN status: Least Concern. However, it is slow-growing and protected in several European nations; FSC certification is available.
Workability
Excellent for hand tools and turning; finishes to a high natural luster. Contains fine texture but can be difficult to machine if grain is highly irregular.
Notable Features
Almost all parts of the tree (except the aril) are highly toxic if ingested. Known for world-class elasticity, famously used for English Longbows.
Finish Recommendations
Responds excellently to oils (linseed/tung) and shellac, which enhance the deep orange-red tones. Polyurethane can be used for extra durability on flat surfaces.
Identification Confidence
High; the distinctive tight growth rings, vibrant orange heartwood, paper-thin white sapwood, and irregular fluted shape are characteristic of Taxus.