Sugar Maple (Hard Maple)
Acer saccharum • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight grain but can be wavy; exhibits a flat-sawn cathedral pattern in the center with some small knots and minor bird's eye-like speckling. Fine, even texture.
Color Description
Sapwood is a pale creamy white to off-white; heartwood (not clearly visible here) is typically reddish brown. Wood tends to turn a light golden yellow with age and UV exposure. Moderate luster.
Hardness Rating
1,450 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Non-durable to Perishable; low resistance to decay and susceptible to insect attack. Best for indoor use only.
Common Uses
Flooring (basketball courts/dance floors), furniture, cabinetry, cutting boards, pool cues, musical instruments (piano actions), and veneer.
Geographic Origin
Northeastern North America (USA and Canada).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot for 4/4 Select/Better grade.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly milled/Recent (Less than 1 year). The wood is very bright with no significant oxidation or patina, and the bark is still firmly attached.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable with FSC certification common.
Workability
Good workability with machine tools, though it has a high density that can cause burning with dull bits. Turns, glues, and finishes well. Hand tools require sharp edges to prevent tearout on wavy grains.
Notable Features
Lacks a characteristic odor; known for excellent crushing strength and abrasion resistance; sap is used for maple syrup.
Finish Recommendations
Sanding to high grits is necessary. Finishes well with water-based urethanes to preserve whiteness, or tung/linseed oil to pop the grain. Pre-conditioner is recommended if staining to avoid blotchiness.
Identification Confidence
High; the creamy white sapwood color, distinct fine grain lines, 'sugar' streaks, and the characteristic rough, gray-brown flaky bark are diagnostic of Acer saccharum.