Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight grain with some slight irregularity or cathedral arches; fine to medium texture with a natural luster.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light brown to a dark chocolate brown with darker brown streaks. Sapwood is a pale yellow-gray to nearly white. Over time, the dark heartwood tends to lighten and take on a more golden-brown hue, especially with UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium Hardness)
Durability Rating
Durable/Very Durable; highly resistant to heartwood decay, though sapwood is susceptible to insect attack.
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, flooring, interior trim, gunstocks, veneer, turned objects, and musical instruments.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America (United States and Canada)
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$10.00 - $18.00 per board foot depending on width and figure quality.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears relatively modern (5-20 years) based on the crisp surface texture and lack of significant oxidation or deep wear patinas.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable in its native range.
Workability
Excellent workability with both hand and machine tools. It planes, turns, and sands well. It glues and finishes very easily, though it can have a faint, distinct odor while being worked.
Notable Features
Features a distinct, mild spicy scent when worked. Contains juglone, which can be an allergen to some, though mainly in the sawdust form. Highly prized for its unique deep brown color.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils (like Danish oil or Tung oil) are highly recommended to enhance its natural depth. Lacquer and polyurethane also provide excellent protection while maintaining clarity.
Identification Confidence
High; the deep chocolate brown color paired with the semi-porous grain structure and specific streak patterns is highly characteristic of North American Black Walnut.