White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight and coarse grain with prominent, long medullary rays visible in the split face; ring-porous structure creating a distinct texture.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with an olive cast; sapwood is slightly lighter. Exhibits moderate luster and darkens significantly with age or exposure to ammonia.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to tyloses in the pores that make the wood nearly liquid-tight.
Common Uses
Furniture, cabinetry, flooring, boat building, barrels (cooperage), and heavy construction.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$6.00 - $9.00 per board foot depending on grade and cut.
Wood Age Estimate
Modern sample; showing fresh mechanical splits and limited oxidation typical of recently processed lumber.
Sustainability Status
Sustainable; widespread availability, not CITES listed, and commonly available with FSC certification.
Workability
Good results with hand and machine tools, though it has a high shrinkage rate. Responds well to steam bending. Glues and finishes well but can react with iron fasteners to cause blue/black staining.
Notable Features
Characteristic 'whiskey barrel' scent when worked; high tannin content; tyloses in heartwood pores prevent water penetration.
Finish Recommendations
Accepts stains and finishes well. Polyurethane or oil-based finishes are recommended to enhance the grain. Responds exceptionally well to fuming with ammonia.
Identification Confidence
High; the visible long ray flecks, coarse ring-porous texture, and characteristic light-tan color are definitive indicators of White Oak.