White Oak
Quercus alba • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Straight, coarse grain with large, open pores. It displays a cathedral-like figure and prominent medullary rays (ray flakes) typical of quarter-sawn or rift-sawn cuts.
Color Description
Light to medium brown heartwood with an olive cast; sapwood is almost white to light brown. Characterized by low to medium luster and a tendency to darken slightly/amber over time with light exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,360 lbf (Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot and decay due to the presence of tyloses in the pores, making it suitable for water-tight applications.
Common Uses
Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, barrels (cooperage), trim, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
Approximately $6.00 to $10.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
The sample appears to be freshly milled or recently sanded rough-cut lumber, likely under 5 years old based on the lack of deep oxidation or graying.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available with FSC certification; considered very sustainable.
Workability
Works well with both hand and machine tools. Has moderately high shrinkage, so seasoning is important. Glues, stains, and finishes well, though it can react with iron fasteners to cause blue/black staining.
Notable Features
Distinctive 'whiskey' or tannic scent when worked. High tannin content makes it ideal for fuming with ammonia to darken the wood. Pores are plugged with tyloses, making it waterproof.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes highlight the grain beautifully. Polyurethane or lacquer are recommended for durability. For a classic look, shellac or fuming is an option.
Identification Confidence
High; the visible large vessel pores, distinctive light tan/olive color, and rugged grain texture are classic diagnostic features of White Oak.