Black Walnut
Juglans nigra • Hardwood
Grain Pattern
Generally straight but can be irregular; features large earlywood pores transitioning to smaller latewood pores (semi-ring-porous). End grain shows distinct growth rings and moderate ray widths.
Color Description
Heartwood ranges from light grey-brown to dark chocolate brown. Sapwood is pale yellow-grey. The sample shows significant oxidation and grey weathering from exposure. It typically lightens with age and UV exposure.
Hardness Rating
1,010 lbf (Medium)
Durability Rating
Durable. Highly resistant to heartwood decay but susceptible to insect attack (Powderpost beetles).
Common Uses
High-end furniture, cabinetry, gunstocks, interior trim, veneer, flooring, and turned objects.
Geographic Origin
Eastern North America (United States and Canada).
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$8.00 - $15.00 per board foot depending on grade and width.
Wood Age Estimate
Based on the growth rings, this log section is approximately 25-30 years old. The surface oxidation suggests it has been cut and exposed for 1-3 years.
Sustainability Status
Not listed in CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List; widely available and generally considered sustainable in its native range.
Workability
Excellent. Works well with both hand and machine tools. Planes and sands to a high luster. Can be brittle in irregular grain areas but holds screws and glue very well.
Notable Features
Distinctive mild, spicy scent when worked. Contains juglone which can be an irritant to some. Known for excellent dimensional stability and shock resistance.
Finish Recommendations
Oil-based finishes (tung or linseed) enhance the dark tones. Polyurethane or lacquer are common for protection. Avoid heavy stains to preserve natural figure.
Identification Confidence
Medium-High. The dark heartwood, distinct bark structure, and semi-ring-porous end grain are classic indicators of Juglans nigra, though extreme weathering masks some color cues.