Zitan (Red Sandalwood)
Pterocarpus santalinus • Exotic/Tropical (Hardwood)
Grain Pattern
Interlocked and wavy grain with deep, dense figures; often exhibits a 'swirling' or 'ox-hair' fine pattern with small, visible pores that appear as gold flecks when polished.
Color Description
Extremely dark reddish-brown to deep purple-black heartwood; sapwood is pale yellow. It is highly lustrous with deep chatoyance and typically darkens significantly toward black upon exposure to U.V. light.
Hardness Rating
2,950 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability Rating
Very Durable; naturally resistant to decay, rot, and insect attacks due to high density and natural extractive content.
Common Uses
High-end Chinese classical furniture, intricate carving, musical instruments (traditional stringed instruments), luxury turnery, and fine jewelry boxes.
Geographic Origin
Native to the Seshachalam Hills of Andhra Pradesh in Southern India; also cultivated in limited Southeast Asian regions.
Market Value & Sustainability
Estimated Market Value
$50.00 - $150.00 per board foot; can be considerably higher for authenticated vintage pieces of exceptional quality.
Wood Age Estimate
The patina and oxidation suggest an older piece of high-quality craftsmanship, likely 40-80 years old or a very high-quality modern reproduction designed to mimic antique Ming/Qing dynasty aesthetics.
Sustainability Status
Critically Endangered by the IUCN; listed in CITES Appendix II. Trade is strictly regulated and heavily restricted internationally.
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme density and interlocked grain; prone to blunting tools rapidly. It can be carved into incredible detail and takes a very high natural polish with minimal sanding.
Notable Features
It sinks in water due to high density; possesses a faint, pleasant scent when worked; historically considered one of the most precious woods in the world.
Finish Recommendations
Usually finished with high-quality natural wax or left unfinished to allow the natural oils and luster to surface; requires very high grit sanding (up to 2000+) for a glassy feel.
Identification Confidence
High; the deep purplish-black hues, characteristic carving style appearing on a Chinese-style base, and the dense, oily luster are hallmark traits of Zitan.