High; the distinct transition between the thin creamy sapwood and deep orange heartwood, combined with the tight ring structure and characteristic bark, is hallmark of Taxus species. confidence

English Yew

Taxus baccata · Softwood

Type: Softwood
Origin: Western, Central and Southern Europe, Northwest Africa, and Northern Iran.
Hardness: 1,520 lbf (Hard) - highly unusual for a softwood, exceeding many hardwoods like Red Oak.
Durability: Very Durable; exceptional resistance to rot and decay, though susceptible to insect attack (common furniture beetle).

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Grain Pattern

Usually straight, but can be irregular due to its growth habit. The end grain shows very tight, narrow rings with high contrast between earlywood and latewood. Presence of small knots and inclusions is common.

Color & Appearance

Heartwood is typically reddish or orange-brown, turning darker with age. Sapwood is a pale yellow or cream. The sample shows distinct, wavy boundaries between heartwood and the thin sapwood layer.

Hardness (Janka)

1,520 lbf (Hard) - highly unusual for a softwood, exceeding many hardwoods like Red Oak.

Durability & Decay Resistance

Very Durable; exceptional resistance to rot and decay, though susceptible to insect attack (common furniture beetle).

Value & Sustainability

Estimated Market Value: High; $15.00 - $30.00 per board foot depending on figure and width/purity.
Wood Age Estimate: Based on the growth ring count in the cross-section, the branch or trunk is approximately 45-60 years old. The sample shows signs of recent harvesting due to fresh sapwood and bark moisture.
Sustainability Status: Least Concern (IUCN), though old-growth stands are protected in many regions. Not currently CITES listed.

Common Uses

Luthiery (bows), fine furniture, turnery, tool handles, cabinetry, and small decorative items.

Geographic Origin

Western, Central and Southern Europe, Northwest Africa, and Northern Iran.

Workability

Generally easy to work despite its hardness. Finishes very smoothly. However, the presence of knots can cause tearout, and the dust is toxic.

Finish Recommendations

Takes all finishes well. High-gloss finishes like lacquer or oils (tung/linseed) enhance the orange-red hues and luster.

Notable Features

Highly toxic (Taxine alkaloids); excellent elasticity (historically used for longbows); lack of resin canals; very fine texture.

Learn more about English Yew in the Wood Encyclopedia

Identified June 14, 2026