Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia) · Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Type
- Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Origin
- Central and South America (principally Brazil)
- Hardness
- 3,684 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable; high resistance to rot, termites, and wood-boring insects. Naturally Class A fire rated.
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Grain Pattern
Typically straight to wavy, often interlocked. This sample shows a flat-sawn surface with fine, uniform texture and very subtle cathedral-like arching of the pores.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is medium to dark yellowish-olive to chocolate brown with lighter or darker streaks. Sapwood is yellowish-white. It develops a silver-gray patina over time if left exposed to UV light.
Hardness (Janka)
3,684 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable; high resistance to rot, termites, and wood-boring insects. Naturally Class A fire rated.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $15.00 - $25.00 per board foot (standard decking dimensions often sold by lineal foot at approximately $4.50-$6.00).
- Wood Age Estimate
- Modern sample, likely less than 5 years old based on clean edges and lack of deep oxidation or graying.
- Sustainability Status
- Listed in CITES Appendix II as of 2024. Endangered in some natural ranges; FSC-certified sources are available but becoming limited.
Common Uses
Premium decking, exterior furniture, boardwalks, marine construction (docks), heavy timber framing, and high-wear flooring.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Workability
Difficult due to extreme density and hardness. Dulls tools quickly; high alkaline dust can be an irritant. Requires pre-drilling for all fasteners and carbide-tipped blades.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oils specifically formulated for exotic hardwoods (e.g., Ipe Oil, Messmer's). Does not take film-forming finishes like polyurethane well due to natural oils.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy/dense (sinks in water); contains lapachol (a yellow powder seen in pores), which can cause skin irritation; negligible shrinkage after seasoning.
