Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) · Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Type
- Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Origin
- Central and South America (principally Brazil)
- Hardness
- 3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, termites, and fungal decay. Often rated for 25+ years of ground contact.
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Grain Pattern
Usually interlocked or straight; fine to medium texture with a very uniform appearance. Can show cathedral patterns on flat-sawn surfaces.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is typically a deep olive brown to dark brownish-black, sometimes with reddish or yellowish undertones. It features a moderate luster and darkens significantly upon exposure to light and UV.
Hardness (Janka)
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, termites, and fungal decay. Often rated for 25+ years of ground contact.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- Approximately $12.00 to $20.00 per board foot depending on dimensions and sourcing.
- Wood Age Estimate
- The sample appears relatively fresh or recently surfaced, showing minimal grey weathering/oxidation typical of aged exterior Ipe.
- Sustainability Status
- Appendix II of CITES (as of 2024); listed as Near Threatened by IUCN. FSC certification is available but adds to cost.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, docks, luxury exterior furniture, heavy construction, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Workability
Difficult due to extreme density and hardness. It has a high blunting effect on cutters; carbide tooling is required. Glues poorly due to natural oils.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes specifically designed for exotic hardwoods (e.g., Ipe Oil). Film-forming finishes like polyurethane are prone to peeling.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy (sinks in water); has a faint, spicy scent when worked. It has a Class A fire rating (same as concrete or steel).
