White Oak
Quercus alba · Hardwood
- Type
- Hardwood
- Origin
- Eastern and Central North America
- Hardness
- 1360 lbf (Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable. Excellent resistance to decay and rot due to closed cellular structure (tyloses), making it suitable for exterior applications.
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Grain Pattern
Straight grain with a distinct ring-porous structure and prominent growth rings visible on the end grain.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is a light to medium brown, often with an olive cast; sapwood is lighter, nearly white to light brown. The wood darkens slightly to a rich amber patina with age and UV exposure.
Hardness (Janka)
1360 lbf (Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable. Excellent resistance to decay and rot due to closed cellular structure (tyloses), making it suitable for exterior applications.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- 3.50 to 7.00 USD per board foot for standard kiln-dried lumber.
- Wood Age Estimate
- Freshly cut log, estimated tree age approximately 60-90 years based on ring count visibility.
- Sustainability Status
- Species of least concern, widely abundant, not listed on CITES appendices, and readily available with FSC certification options.
Common Uses
Fine furniture, hardwood flooring, cabinetry, boat building, exterior construction, cooperage (barrels), and architectural millwork.
Geographic Origin
Eastern and Central North America
Workability
Generally works well with both hand and machine tools, though it can blunt cutting edges due to high density. Responds well to steam bending, gluing, and screwing, but prone to splitting when nailing so pre-boring is recommended.
Finish Recommendations
Takes stains, oils, varnishes, and polyurethane exceptionally well. Water-based finishes prevent excessive yellowing, while oil-based finishes enhance the natural amber tones.
Notable Features
High tannin content which can react with iron to cause dark staining; closed cellular structure contains tyloses making the wood water-resistant.
