Ipe (also known as Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) · Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Type
- Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Origin
- Central and South America (principally Brazil)
- Hardness
- 3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, decay, and insect attack (termites). Often rated Class A for fire resistance similar to concrete.
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Grain Pattern
Straight to interlocked and sometimes wavy. The sample shows a fine-textured, straight grain on the face with a slight oily/waxy appearance.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is a reddish-brown to dark olive-brown, often with lighter or darker streaks. It exhibits high natural luster and darkens significantly with age and UV exposure if not sealed.
Hardness (Janka)
3,510 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable; excellent resistance to rot, decay, and insect attack (termites). Often rated Class A for fire resistance similar to concrete.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $15.00 to $25.00 per board foot depending on thickness and width (often sold by linear foot for decking).
- Wood Age Estimate
- Freshly cut or recently surfaced/sanded; the lack of graying (patina) suggests it has not been exposed to weather for long, or has been stored indoors.
- Sustainability Status
- Appendix II of CITES (regulated as of 2024); listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to heavy logging and habitat loss.
Common Uses
Outdoor decking, boardwalks, exterior furniture, flooring, bridge building, and tool handles.
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme hardness; has a pronounced dulling effect on blades. Gluing is difficult due to high natural oil content. Requires pre-drilling for screws.
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes specifically designed for exotic hardwoods (e.g., Ipe Oil). Film-forming finishes like polyurethane are prone to peeling due to natural oils.
Notable Features
Extremely heavy (sinks in water); produces a yellow 'lapachol' dust that can cause skin irritation/sensitization; distinctive mild scent when cut.
