White Oak — Quercus alba
Medium, based on the growth ring characteristics, bark texture of surrounding debris, and typical appearance of a freshly bucked oak log. confidence

White Oak

Quercus alba · Hardwood

Type
Hardwood
Origin
Eastern and Central North America
Hardness
1360 lbf (Hard)
Durability
Very Durable

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Grain Pattern

Straight to irregular grain with a coarse, uneven texture and prominent growth rings visible on the transverse end grain.

Color & Appearance

Light to medium brown heartwood with a distinct paler sapwood band. The exposed end grain shows weathering to a greyish patina.

Hardness (Janka)

1360 lbf (Hard)

Durability & Decay Resistance

Very Durable

Value & Sustainability

Estimated Market Value
$3.00 to $6.00 per board foot for standard kiln-dried lumber.
Wood Age Estimate
Freshly cut log, estimated tree age based on ring count is approximately 40 to 60 years.
Sustainability Status
Species of least concern, widely abundant and sustainably harvested with FSC certification readily available.

Common Uses

Furniture, flooring, cabinetry, boat building, exterior construction, and cooperage (barrels).

Geographic Origin

Eastern and Central North America

Workability

Generally easy to work with both hand and machine tools, though it has a high tendency to split when nailed and reacts with iron to form dark stains.

Finish Recommendations

Accepts stains, oils, varnishes, and polyurethane very well. Water-based finishes prevent excessive yellowing compared to oil-based polys.

Notable Features

Contains tyloses in the heartwood pores which make it water-resistant, high tannin content, and characteristic ray fleck when quarter-sawn.

Learn more about White Oak in the Wood Encyclopedia
Identified August 23, 2026