Lignum Vitae
Guaiacum officinale / Guaiacum sanctum · Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Type
- Exotic/Tropical Hardwood
- Origin
- Central America and Northern South America (Caribbean islands specifically).
- Hardness
- 4,500 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable; extremely resistant to rot and insect attack; one of the most durable woods in existence.
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Grain Pattern
Heavy interlocked grain with a very fine, uniform texture; appears oily with a dark, olive-brown to black streaking pattern.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood ranges from olive green to dark brown or near-black; sapwood is pale yellow. Color tends to darken and turn more green with age and light exposure.
Hardness (Janka)
4,500 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable; extremely resistant to rot and insect attack; one of the most durable woods in existence.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $100.00 - $150.00 per board foot (usually sold by weight due to density).
- Wood Age Estimate
- Modern sample likely processed within the last 5-10 years; shows minimal oxidation or centuries-old patina.
- Sustainability Status
- CITES Appendix II listed; IUCN Red List status: Endangered. Trade is strictly regulated.
Common Uses
Tool handles, bearings, bushings, pulley wheels, mallet heads, and heavy-duty marine applications (ship propeller shaft bearings).
Geographic Origin
Central America and Northern South America (Caribbean islands specifically).
Workability
Extremely difficult to work; high density and natural oils dull cutters quickly and make gluing difficult. Turning and polishing are the preferred methods.
Finish Recommendations
Usually left unfinished or simply buffed/waxed; natural oils can cause lacquer or polyurethane to peel.
Notable Features
Produces a mild, perfume-like scent; high natural oil content makes it self-lubricating; it is dense enough to sink in water.
