Ipe (Brazilian Walnut)
Handroanthus spp. (formerly Tabebuia spp.) · Hardwood / Exotic/Tropical
- Type
- Hardwood / Exotic/Tropical
- Origin
- Central and South America (principally Brazil)
- Hardness
- 3,684 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable; highly resistant to rot, decay, termites, and wood-boring insects; excellent outdoor durability
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Grain Pattern
Straight to slightly interlocked grain with fine, uniform texture and minimal growth ring figure on this quarter-sawn face
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is a dark olive-brown to medium yellowish brown with subtle dark striping. Shows low to moderate luster and typically darkens to a deep brown over time
Hardness (Janka)
3,684 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable; highly resistant to rot, decay, termites, and wood-boring insects; excellent outdoor durability
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $12.00 - $18.00 per board foot (standard decking and dimensional lumber grade)
- Wood Age Estimate
- Modern lumber, likely processed within the past 5-15 years given uniform oxidation and mill cut marks
- Sustainability Status
- IUCN Least Concern overall, but some species face pressure due to illegal logging; CITES Appendix II listed as of late 2024 to regulate international trade
Common Uses
Exterior decking, boardwalks, heavy marine construction, outdoor furniture, flooring, tool handles, turned objects
Geographic Origin
Central and South America (principally Brazil)
Workability
Difficult to work due to extreme density and hardness. Tends to dull cutting edges rapidly; pre-drilling required for fasteners; glues moderately well with proper surface prep
Finish Recommendations
Penetrating oil finishes specifically formulated for dense hardwoods (e.g., Ipe Oil or Messmer's). Film-forming finishes like varnish or polyurethane tend to peel
Notable Features
Extremely dense (sinks in water), contains yellow lapachol powder in pores which turns red in alkaline solutions; exceptionally high fire resistance (Class A)
