Osage Orange
Maclura pomifera · Hardwood
- Type
- Hardwood
- Origin
- South-Central United States, primarily originating from a restricted range in Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, though now widely naturalized throughout North America.
- Hardness
- 2,620 lbf (Extremely Hard)
- Durability
- Very Durable
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Grain Pattern
Straight to irregular grain with a coarse, uneven texture and distinct ring-porous structure.
Color & Appearance
Freshly cut heartwood is a striking bright golden-yellow or greenish-yellow, which darkens upon exposure to ultraviolet light and aging to a rich medium brown or dark amber. The sapwood is narrow and pale yellow to white.
Hardness (Janka)
2,620 lbf (Extremely Hard)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Very Durable
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- Moderate to high for lumber, approximately $4.00 to $8.00 per board foot depending on dimensions and quality, though often sold locally in log or turning blank form.
- Wood Age Estimate
- Freshly cut log cross-section, estimated to be under one year since felling based on the bright yellow color and lack of deep weathering.
- Sustainability Status
- Not listed on the CITES appendices or the IUCN Red List. It is abundant in its naturalized range and considered a sustainable choice for local sourcing.
Common Uses
Fence posts, archery bows, treenware, turned objects, accent furniture, and previously used for wheel rims and pegging.
Geographic Origin
South-Central United States, primarily originating from a restricted range in Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, though now widely naturalized throughout North America.
Workability
Very difficult to work with both hand and machine tools due to its extreme hardness and density. It rapidly dulls cutting edges, can be prone to burning during cuts, but turns and finishes exceptionally well.
Finish Recommendations
Takes a brilliant natural polish. Penetrating oils, varnishes, and lacquers work very well to enhance and preserve the golden-yellow hue before UV darkening occurs.
Notable Features
Contains high natural oils and tannins, highly resistant to rot and insect attack, produces a distinctive yellow dye, and is famous for its exceptional toughness and resilience.
