Southern Yellow Pine
Pinus echinata (Shortleaf), Pinus elliottii (Slash), Pinus palustris (Longleaf), or Pinus taeda (Loblolly) · Softwood
- Type
- Softwood
- Origin
- Southeastern United States
- Hardness
- 690-870 lbf (Soft to Medium-Soft)
- Durability
- Non-durable to Slightly Durable; susceptible to decay and insect attack unless pressure-treated with preservatives.
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Grain Pattern
Straight and uneven grain with a medium to coarse texture; exhibits a distinct cathedral pattern on the flat-sawn face due to prominent growth rings and latewood/earlywood contrast.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood is reddish-brown while sapwood is yellowish-white. Shows high contrast between the lighter earlywood and darker latewood bands. Darkens to a golden-tan or orange-brown with UV exposure.
Hardness (Janka)
690-870 lbf (Soft to Medium-Soft)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Non-durable to Slightly Durable; susceptible to decay and insect attack unless pressure-treated with preservatives.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $1.50 to $3.50 per board foot (varies significantly by grade and regional availability)
- Wood Age Estimate
- Freshly milled/Recent; bright coloration, lack of oxidation, and visible rough saw marks suggest the lumber is under 1-2 years old.
- Sustainability Status
- Least Concern; highly sustainable and widely available from managed timber plantations in the U.S. south. Not CITES listed.
Common Uses
Residential framing, decking, utility poles, flooring, furniture, plywood, and heavy construction (especially when treated).
Geographic Origin
Southeastern United States
Workability
Generally easy to work with hand and machine tools, though high resin content can gum up blades and sandpaper. Nails and screws well.
Finish Recommendations
Polyurethane or lacquer works well for interior use. A sanding sealer or shellac is recommended to prevent resin bleed; for exterior use, UV-resistant stains or paint are best.
Notable Features
Distinctive resinous scent when cut; high resin content can cause 'pitch pockets' or bleeding through finishes; very strong strength-to-weight ratio for a softwood.
