Red Alder
Alnus rubra · Hardwood
- Type
- Hardwood
- Origin
- Pacific Coastal region of North America, ranging from Southeast Alaska to Central California.
- Hardness
- 590 lbf (Soft)
- Durability
- Non-durable to Slightly Durable; highly susceptible to decay and insect attack if left in contact with the ground or exposed to moisture.
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Grain Pattern
Straight-grained with a uniform texture; can exhibit occasional clusters of small knots known as pin knots. Usually flat-sawn when processed for lumber, showing subtle cathedral patterns.
Color & Appearance
Heartwood and sapwood are virtually indistinguishable; initially a light tan to white color when freshly cut, rapidly turning to a reddish-brown with exposure to light and air. It has a low luster.
Hardness (Janka)
590 lbf (Soft)
Durability & Decay Resistance
Non-durable to Slightly Durable; highly susceptible to decay and insect attack if left in contact with the ground or exposed to moisture.
Value & Sustainability
- Estimated Market Value
- $3.50 - $6.50 per board foot depending on grade and region.
- Wood Age Estimate
- Freshly fallen log; approximately 15-30 years old based on bark thickness and diameter in typical riparian growth conditions.
- Sustainability Status
- Least Concern (IUCN); widely available and not listed in CITES appendices. Frequently available as FSC certified.
Common Uses
Furniture, cabinetry, interior millwork, picture frames, electric guitar bodies, turning, and smoked wood for food.
Geographic Origin
Pacific Coastal region of North America, ranging from Southeast Alaska to Central California.
Workability
Excellent workability with both hand and machine tools. It sands very easily, glues well, and is known as a premier wood for staining due to its closed-pore structure. It is prone to denting due to low density.
Finish Recommendations
Takes all finishes well, particularly stains and oils. A sanding sealer is recommended to prevent blotching, followed by lacquer or polyurethane for protection.
Notable Features
Small, horizontal lenticels visible on the greyish bark are a diagnostic feature. The wood contains high tannin and chemicals that cause an immediate orange/red color change upon wounding. Non-toxic.
